Beyond that, from a purely academic vantage -psychologically speaking,- Beating dogs may be deemed one-step-removed from beating humans, but it is nevertheless so far removed from intelligent-societies, that we must assume the author is referring to a backwards tribe somewhere in China. (Westerners appreciate that “communism” was an attempt to subdue such.)

Nevertheless the historically-more-interesting fact is, that, religions stemming from the spread of the Sumero-Babylonian cultural semidiaspora had intrinsically defined loathing of ‘The Great Mother’ for her action taken upon the murder of her husband, characterizing her as “the dragon of chaos” (the mountain-rift-abyss not Greekish-confusion). Humans will try to build on their own human conceptions of right and wrong but that must necessarily be the slowest progress possibly describable and worse there’s no reason to believe it will last except for better already all around them, and it can never achieve the original state ’til it stops.

I wish professors -all- had greater allowance for their intellect: I’ve listened briefly to Kaplan Testing for intending graduate students and, while progress is more measurable in a fairly narrow line, there is yet a necessary full-roundness to the world, the solar system, the galaxy…